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4. Empathy

Psychologist Daniel Goleman identified three core elements of empathy that are especially
important in leadership and interpersonal communication:

1. Understanding Others
2. Developing Others

3. Leveraging Diversity

4. a. Understanding Others

This is the most recognized aspect of empathy. As Goleman defines it: “sensing others’

feelings and perspectives and taking an active interest in their concerns.”

Individuals who demonstrate this ability:

• Are highly attuned to emotional cues, including subtle forms of non-verbal

communication.
• Listen actively and empathetically, often picking up on what is left unsaid.

• Show genuine sensitivity to others' experiences and viewpoints.
• Offer support and assistance based on a clear understanding of others’ emotional

needs.

4. b. Developing Others

This element involves responding to people’s needs and supporting their growth and

development. Those skilled in this area:

• Acknowledge and celebrate others’ strengths and achievements.

• Offer constructive feedback focused on improvement, not criticism.
• Provide coaching and mentorship opportunities to encourage growth.

• Assign meaningful tasks and challenges that promote professional development and
confidence.

These first two elements—Understanding Others and Developing Others—are particularly

valuable when managing diverse teams, including neurodivergent individuals. By practicing

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Project Number 2023-1-IT01-KA220-VET-000152721